Mean ± SD

Range

Operative time (hrs)

Thoracoscopic part Abdominal part

3.38 + 0.88 2.59 + 0.78

2 - 5 1.5 - 4

Operative blood loss (CC)

250 + 138.07

100 - 500

Intra-operative Left pleural injury

1 case (3.3%)

Convert to thoracotomy

0